Equine Diagnostics

Streptococcus equi Multiplex (rtPCR) – Equine

The Streptococcus equi multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) test is a rapid and highly specific diagnostic tool used to detect the DNA of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (the causative agent of strangles) and Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus in equine samples. Strangles is a highly contagious bacterial disease that affects horses, characterized by fever, nasal discharge, swollen lymph nodes, and abscess formation. S. equi zooepidemicus is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause respiratory infections, septicemia, and reproductive disorders in equines. This multiplex rtPCR method simultaneously identifies and differentiates these two pathogens, providing veterinarians with crucial information for diagnosis and management. It is particularly useful for detecting asymptomatic carriers of S. equi equi, which play a significant role in the spread of strangles within equine populations. 

Test name

Streptococcus equi Multiplex (rtPCR) – Equine

Test Code

E158

Section

Molecular Diagnostics

Species

Equine

Specimen

One or more of the following: 2 ml of guttural pouch washing/pharyngeal wash/nasal secretion or moist swabs of the affected areas (nasopharyngeal or draining lymph node)

Collection Guidelines

1. Collect an adequate amount of of guttural pouch washing/pharyngeal wash/nasal secretion in a plain red top tube
2. Moist swabs are preferred; it is recommended to add 1-2 drops of sterile saline to the swab and place in a sterile, leak-proof container (e.g. red top tube)
3. Refrigerate sample at 4oC until shipment.

Turnaround time

14-21 Days

Packing Instructions

Label each sample with the animal’s name and a unique identifier, using a permanent marker or a secure adhesive label. Ensure the submittal form is completed with the animal’s information and relevant medical history.

References

1. Timoney, J.F., et al. “Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Streptococcus equi Infections in Horses.” Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2021.
2. Pusterla, N., et al. “Molecular Diagnostics for Streptococcus equi: The Role of Multiplex rtPCR.” Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 2022.
3. Waller, A.S., et al. “Identification and Management of Strangles Carriers Using Molecular Techniques.” Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2023.