Equine Vaccine Antibody Panel
The Equine Vaccine Antibody Panel is a comprehensive diagnostic tool designed to evaluate the immune status of horses in response to a broad range of infectious agents. This panel uses various immunoassays, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), serum neutralization (SN), plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT), and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI), to detect antibodies against several equine pathogens, providing vital information for vaccination and disease prevention strategies. The tests included in the panel were Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV): The PRNT is used to detect neutralizing antibodies against EEEV, a mosquito-borne virus that can cause severe neurological disease in horses. Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1): The Risk Evaluation Test is used to detect antibodies against EHV-1, a virus that causes respiratory, neurological, and reproductive disease in horses. Equine Herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4): Serum Neutralization (SN) testing is employed to detect antibodies specific to EHV-4, primarily responsible for respiratory disease in horses. Equine Influenza Virus (EIV): The Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) assay detects antibodies to EIV, an important respiratory virus that affects horses, particularly in competition and travel settings. Equine Rhinitis A Virus (ERAV): SN tests are used to detect antibodies against ERAV, which can contribute to upper respiratory infections in horses. Equine Rhinitis B Virus (ERBV): SN assays are also employed to evaluate antibodies to ERBV, another respiratory pathogen in horses. Lyme Disease: ELISA is used to detect antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, which can lead to lameness, fever, and other systemic signs in horses. Equine Multiplex Assay: This assay tests for antibodies to multiple equine pathogens simultaneously, providing a comprehensive snapshot of the horse’s immune status.Potomac Horse Fever (PHF): IFA testing detects antibodies to Neorickettsia risticii, the pathogen responsible for PHF, which can cause fever, diarrhea, and laminitis in horses. West Nile Virus (WNV): The IgG/IgM Capture ELISA detects both IgG and IgM antibodies to WNV, a mosquito-borne virus that can cause severe neurological disease in horses.
Test name
Equine Vaccine Antibody Panel
Test Code
E176
Section
Immunodiagnostics
Species
Equine
Specimen
2 ml Serum
Collection Guidelines
- Collect an adequate amount of blood in a plain red-top tube or serum separator tube (yellow-top tube). Allow it to clot at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes before separation.
- Centrifuge to separate the serum. Transfer the clear serum into a new, leak-proof plain red-top tube and label it as “serum.”
- Excessively hemolyzed samples are not suitable for this test.
- Unspun samples will not be accepted.
- Refrigerate sample at 4oC until shipment.
Turnaround time
14-21 days
Packing Instructions
Label each sample with the animal’s name and a unique identifier, using a permanent marker or a secure adhesive label. Ensure the submittal form is completed with the animal’s information and relevant medical history.
References
- Moore, S. J., & Sweeney, R. W. (2018). Equine Infectious Diseases and Their Impact on Vaccine Immunity. Equine Veterinary Journal, 50(6), 738-746.
- Derksen, F. J., & Blodgett, G. R. (2020). Advances in Equine Respiratory Vaccine Testing: EHV-1 and EIV. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 34(5), 1527–1533.
- O’Connor, A. M., & Ellis, J. T. (2017). Vaccination and Immunity Against Equine Viral Diseases. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 33(2), 231-243.
- Hennessey, D. A., & Sullivan, L. (2021). West Nile Virus and Equine Encephalitis Vaccination Strategies: A Review. Veterinary Journal, 274, 105761.
- Zanghi, B., & Kohn, C. W. (2019). Equine Lyme Disease: Diagnostic Methods and Vaccine Responses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 79, 103096.
